Peacock Spiders

Overview

The genus Maratus, commonly known as peacock spiders, currently comprises around 96 species, with 20 known species still to be named. This group is endemic to Australia, with the single exception M. griseus, a synanthrope apparently introduced to New Zealand.

Measuring around just 2–5 millimetres in length, these colourful little jumping spiders are named for the peacock-like display adult males use to seduce potential mates, incorporating an impressive array of dance moves. Adult males come in a dazzling array of colours and patterns, specific to each species. Only under the microscope or macro lens does the spectacular colouring and performance of these little spiders become apparent. Unlike adult males, immatures and females are muted brown and/or grey, which serves to camouflage them well.

Species of Maratus are known to live in tropical areas, but most occur in the southern half of Australia, in the temperate and subtropical south-west and south-east. Some prefer coastal areas, even beaches, while others prefer mountain tops, swamps or even desert-like environments. Individuals live for about a year, emerging from an egg during the summer.

Until 2011, the genus was comprised of only eight little-known species placed in different genera. In recent years, many new species have been named and described. Sydney-based arachnologist Jürgen Otto and his US colleague David Hill have described a great number of species since Jürgen first happened upon M. volans in Sydney in 2005 and became intrigued by the tiny spiders. Little was known of their elaborate courtship behaviour until Jürgen observed, documented and filmed their display in 2008, which became a social media hit. Jürgen Otto’s photographs are featured on the stamps.

Technical specification